If Melancholy increases so far, that from the great Motion of the Liquid of the Brain, the Patient be thrown into a wild Fury, it is called madness. 

Which differs only in Degree from the sorrowful kind of Melancholy, is its Offspring, produced from the same Causes, and cured almost by the same Remedies . . .  

The greatest Remedy for it is to throw the Patient unwarily into the Sea, and to keep him under Water as long as he can possibly bear it without being quite stifled. 

Boerhaave, Herman. “From The Chronic Disease of Melancholy.” The Nature of Melancholy: From Aristotle to Kristeva. Ed. Jennifer Radden. New York: Oxford University Press, 2000. 179-80. Print.